Capsicum
Capsicum, also known as sweet pepper, bell pepper or Shimla Mirch is one of the popular vegetables grown throughout India. It is rich in Vitamin A (8493 IU), Vitamin C (283 mg) and minerals like Calcium (13.4 mg), Magnesium (14.9 mg) Phosphorus (28.3 mg) Potassium, (263.7 mg) per 100 g fresh weight. Capsicum is a cool season crop, but it can be grown round the year using protected structures where temperature and relative humidity (RH) can be manipulated. This crop requires day temperature of 25-300C and night temperature of 18-200C with relative humidity of 50-60%. If temperature exceeds 350C or falls below 120C, fruit setting is affected.
Advantages of protected cultivation
Colored capsicums are in great demand in urban markets. The demand is mostly driven by hotel and catering industry. The traditionally grown green capsicum, depending upon variety and season, usually yields 20-30 tons per Acar in about 4-5 months. In the greenhouse, the crop duration of green and colored capsicums is about 7 -10 months and yields about 50-70 tons per Acar . The advantages of protected cultivation are;
- Higher productivity resulting in increased yield
- Provides the better growing environment for plants
- Protects from rain, wind, high temperatures and minimizes the damage of insect pests and diseases thereby improving the quality and yield
- Facilitates year-round production coupled with yield enhancement by 2-3 times compared to open cultivation.
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Special Tips to Achieve Higher and Quality Yield
The organic manure/compost applied to the soil should be enriched with Microbial Bio-control Agents like Pseudomonas fluorescens, Paecilomyces lillacinus, Trichoderma harzianum and biofertilizers like, PSB, Azospirillum, Azotobacter, etc. to enhance soil health.
Any damage of net or polysheet in the structure should be immediately repaired to prevent entry of pests and diseases.
The polyhouse/ nethouse should have double door system which is 25 the safest way to prevent the entry of pests and diseases. The doors should be constructed preferably away from roadside.
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